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The Hydrodynamic Plasma Technology presented can be used for purification and disinfection of water, including drinking water and sewage, swimming pools, and artificial ponds though other kinds of water can also be purified.
Water purification occurs under the influence of cold plasma obtained in water, which has a two-phase state, in which water and the smallest bubbles filled with gases dissolved in water are simultaneously present in the turbulence zone.
The plasma is ignited inside the gas bubbles when exposed to an electric high-voltage nanosecond pulse. Since the turbulence zone located behind the flow body is saturated with fine bubbles, the plasma discharge in the bubbles becomes voluminous and diffuse in consistency. The combination of the hydrodynamic effect on water by the flow body and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a volumetric plasma discharge in the turbulence zone causes a synergistic effect that increases the efficiency of water treatment.
The essence of the synergy lies in the fact that separately hydrodynamic effects on water can affect organic pathogens in water with an efficiency not exceeding 10%. At the same time, the creation of an energy-efficient stable volume discharge of cold plasma in a water stream in the absence of bubbles in the turbulence zone is unlikely. Thus, the combination of the bubbles created due to turbulence and the creation of the volumetric plasma discharge results in a significant improvement in efficiency of the water treatment.
Our exceptional power source delivers high-voltage pulses ranging from 5 to 10kV and sweeps frequencies between 20Hz and 20kHz to energize the Hydrodynamic Plasma Reactor.
Cold plasma discharge within turbulent fine bubbles effectively produces various ROS, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), superoxide anion (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and singlet oxygen. The water flowing through a hydrodynamic plasma reactor becomes saturated with these particles. The hydroxyl radicals (and other ROS) impact organic pathogens in water by disrupting their cell membranes, causing cell death. They also react with proteins and enzymes, inhibiting cellular growth and reproduction. Additionally, ROS damage the genetic material of pathogens, impairing their ability to replicate and survive.